Osteoplasty for Hip Impingement
Osteoplasty is an effective method of treatment for certain forms of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), an abnormality in the way the ball of the femur and the acetabulum (hip socket) fit together. FAI is a fairly common condition that affects more men than women. An improper shape of the ball and socket creates excess friction in the joint and may cause a significant amount of pain. Over time, hip impingement can tear or wear down the hip cartilage, causing pain, swelling, stiffness and loss of mobility. There also may be a sensation of catching or popping within the hip.
An osteoplasty is a type of surgery performed on the hip joint for the purpose of altering the rim of the socket and/or the ball that sits within the joint. It is a successful technique for improving the function of the joint and promoting a fuller range of movement. Osteoplasty is ideally performed at an early stage of hip problems. This procedure helps resolve pain and other symptoms while preserving the natural structures of the joint, preventing the need for a more extensive hip replacement.
Benefits of Osteoplasty for Hip Impingement
The Osteoplasty procedure is ideal for younger patients who do not have arthritis. The benefits of this procedure may include:
- Relief of painful symptoms and discomfort
- Reduced risk of developing osteoarthritis
- Improved range of motion in the hip
Older patients with degenerative hip disease may benefit more from a total hip arthroplasty
The Osteoplasty Procedure
The osteoplasty procedure generally takes several hours to complete, depending on the extent of the work that is required. It may be performed arthroscopically, and the surgeon will insert a small camera in one incision and specialized surgical tools in the others. In other cases, an open procedure may be necessary, accessing the joint through one long incision near the hip. After anesthesia is administered and the incision has been made, the surgeon removes a section of bone from the femoral neck and reshapes it to increase the amount of clearance that exists within the hip socket. If necessary, bone will be removed from the rim of the socket as well. The goal of the procedure is to trim the bones enough to prevent the impingement from occurring.
Recovery from the Osteoplasty Procedure
After an osteoplasty procedure, patients may remain in the hospital overnight. Typically, an assistive device such as crutches or a cane will be necessary for the first several weeks post-surgery to prevent patients from overstressing the hip joint while walking. Physical therapy can be very beneficial in regaining strength and flexibility in the hip as well as obtaining a greater range of motion. Most patients can return to relatively sedentary jobs after approximately 2 weeks. However, sports and other activities may be restricted for up to 6 months following the surgery.
Risks of the Osteoplasty Procedure
Osteoplasty is generally considered a safe procedure, but all forms of surgery carry some risk. Although rare, the risks typically associated with osteoplasty may include infection, formation of blood clots and avascular necrosis due to an interruption of blood flow to the femur.